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<title>Animation database</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Animation database</span></span>

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<p>An <b>animation database</b> is a <a href="Database" title="Database">database</a> which stores fragments of <a href="Animations" class="mw-redirect" title="Animations">animations</a> or human movements and which can be accessed, analyzed and queried to develop and assemble new animations.<sup id="cite_ref-Kuroki_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kuroki-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sumi_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sumi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Given that the manual generation of a large amount of animation can be time consuming and expensive, an animation database can assist users in building animations by using existing components, and sharing animation fragments.<sup id="cite_ref-Sumi_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sumi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Early examples of animation databases include the system MOVE which used an <a href="Object_oriented_database" class="mw-redirect" title="Object oriented database">object oriented database</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kuroki_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kuroki-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Modern animation databases can be populated via the extraction of <a href="Skeletal_animation" title="Skeletal animation">skeletal animations</a> from <a href="Motion_capture" title="Motion capture">motion capture</a> data.<sup id="cite_ref-Rogez_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rogez-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Other examples include <a href="Crowd_simulation" title="Crowd simulation">crowd simulation</a> in which a number of people are simulated as a crowd. Given that in some applications the people need to be walking at different speeds, say on a sidewalk, the animation database can be used to retrieve and merge different animated figures.<sup id="cite_ref-Thalmann_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thalmann-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The method is mainly known as "motion graphs".<sup id="cite_ref-Gleicher_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gleicher-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Animation databases can also be used for "interactive storytelling" in which fragments of animations are retrieved from the animation database and are <i>recycled</i> to combine into new stories. For instance, the animation database called <i>Animebase</i> is used within the system <i>Words Anime</i> to help generate animations using recycled components.<sup id="cite_ref-Sumi_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sumi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this approach, the user may input words which form parts of a story and queries against the database help select suitable animation fragments. This type of system may indeed use two databases: an animation database, as well as a story knowledge database. The story knowledge database may use subjects, predicates and objects to refer to story fragments. The system then assists the user in matching between story fragments and animation fragments.<sup id="cite_ref-Sumi_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sumi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Animation databases can also be used for the generation of visual scenes using <a href="Humanoid" title="Humanoid">humanoid</a> models.<sup id="cite_ref-Yuizona_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yuizona-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An example application has been the development of an animated humanoid-based <a href="Sign_language" title="Sign language">sign language</a> system to help the disabled.<sup id="cite_ref-Yuizona_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yuizona-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Another application of an animation database is in the synthesis of <i>idle motion</i> for human characters.<sup id="cite_ref-Egges_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Egges-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Human beings move all the time and in unique ways, and the presentation of a consistent and realistic set of idle motions for each character between different animation segments has been a challenge, e.g. each person has a unique way of standing and this needs to be represented in a realistic way throughout an animation. One of the problems is that idle motion affects all joints and simply showing statistical movements at each joint results in less than realistic portrayals. One approach to solving this problem is to use an animation database with a large set of pre-recorded human movements, and obtain the suitable patterns of motion from the database through statistical analysis.<sup id="cite_ref-Egges_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Egges-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-Kuroki-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kuroki_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kuroki_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">S. Kuroki, "Walkthrough using Animation database MOVE" in <i>Database and expert systems applications, Volume 4</i> edited by Vladimír Marík, 1994 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">

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</style><a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>3-540-57234-1</bdi> pages 760-763</span>

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<li id="cite_note-Sumi-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sumi_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sumi_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sumi_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sumi_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kaoru Sumi "Interactive Storytelling System Using Recycle-Based Story Knowledge" in <i>Interactive Storytelling: Second Joint International Conference on Interactive Digital Storytelling, ICIDS 2009</i> by Ido A. Iurgel 2009 <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>3-642-10642-0</bdi> pages 74-85 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8_QKE9bSUYQC&dq=%22animation+database%22&pg=PA75">[1]</a></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Rogez-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rogez_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">G. Rogez, "Exploiting Spatio-temporal constraints for Robust 2D Pose Tracking" in <i>Human Motion: Understanding, Modeling, Capture and Animation</i>: HumanMotion 2007, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, October 20, 2007 ISBN pages58-72 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Hq0vYkGMVM8C&q=stick&pg=PA209">[2]</a></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Thalmann-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Thalmann_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Crowd simulation</i> by Daniel Thalmann, Soraia Raupp Musse 2007 <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>1-84628-824-X</bdi> pages 59-64 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-aY5V-ykawcC&dq=%22animation+database%22&pg=PA59">[3]</a></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Gleicher-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gleicher_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Motion Graphs</i> by Michael Gleicher, 2008, Published in <i>Proceeding SIGGRAPH '08 ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 classes</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1401132.1401202">[4]</a></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Yuizona-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Yuizona_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Yuizona_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Takaya Yuizona et al. "Cognitive Development Environment of Sign Language Animation System Using Humanoid Model" in <i>Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information Engineering Systems</i> by Ernesto Damiani 2002 pages <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JpOPdzq-4PgC&dq=%22animation+database%22&pg=PA1038">[5]</a></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Egges-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Egges_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Egges_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Arjan Egges et al "Personalized Real-time Idle Motion Synthesis" in the <i>Proceedings of the 12th Pacific Graphics Conference</i>, pages 121–130, October 2004</span>

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</style><div id="Animation_topics352" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Animation" title="Animation">Animation</a> topics</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Azerbaijani_animation" title="Azerbaijani animation">Azerbaijan</a></li>

<li><a href="Bangladeshi_animation" title="Bangladeshi animation">Bangladesh</a></li>

<li><a href="Bhutanese_animation" title="Bhutanese animation">Bhutan</a></li>

<li><a href="Brazilian_animation" title="Brazilian animation">Brazil</a></li>

<li><a href="British_animation" title="British animation">United Kingdom</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_Canadian_animation" title="History of Canadian animation">Canada</a></li>

<li><a href="Chinese_animation" title="Chinese animation">China</a>

<ul><li><a href="History_of_Chinese_animation" title="History of Chinese animation">history</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Czech_animation" title="Czech animation">Czechia</a></li>

<li><a href="Estonian_animation" title="Estonian animation">Estonia</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_French_animation" title="History of French animation">France</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_Hungarian_animation" title="History of Hungarian animation">Hungary</a></li>

<li><a href="Indian_animation_industry" title="Indian animation industry">India</a>

<ul><li><a href="History_of_animation_in_India" title="History of animation in India">history</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Anime" title="Anime">Japan</a>

<ul><li><a href="History_of_anime" title="History of anime">history</a></li></ul></li>

<li>Korea

<ul><li><a href="North_Korean_animation" title="North Korean animation">North</a></li>

<li><a href="South_Korean_animation" title="South Korean animation">South</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_Korean_animation" title="History of Korean animation">history</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Latvian_animation" title="Latvian animation">Latvia</a></li>

<li><a href="Malaysian_animation" title="Malaysian animation">Malaysia</a></li>

<li><a href="Mexican_animation" title="Mexican animation">Mexico</a></li>

<li><a href="North_Korean_animation" title="North Korean animation">North Korea</a></li>

<li><a href="Filipino_animation" class="mw-redirect" title="Filipino animation">Philippines</a></li>

<li><a href="Portuguese_animation" title="Portuguese animation">Portugal</a></li>

<li><a href="Romanian_animation" title="Romanian animation">Romania</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_Russian_animation" title="History of Russian animation">Russia</a></li>

<li><a href="Animation_industry_in_South_Africa" title="Animation industry in South Africa">South Africa</a></li>

<li><a href="Spanish_animation" title="Spanish animation">Spain</a></li>

<li><a href="Taiwanese_animation" title="Taiwanese animation">Taiwan</a></li>

<li><a href="Thai_animation" title="Thai animation">Thailand</a></li>

<li><a href="Ukrainian_animation" title="Ukrainian animation">Ukraine</a></li>

<li><a href="American_animation" title="American animation">United States</a>

<ul><li><a href="Animation_in_the_United_States_during_the_silent_era" title="Animation in the United States during the silent era">Silent Era</a></li>

<li><a href="Golden_age_of_American_animation" title="Golden age of American animation">The Golden Age</a></li>

<li><a href="World_War_II_and_American_animation" title="World War II and American animation">World War II</a></li>

<li><a href="Animation_in_the_United_States_in_the_television_era" title="Animation in the United States in the television era">Early TV broadcast era</a></li>

<li><a href="Modern_animation_in_the_United_States" title="Modern animation in the United States">Modern TV cable and streaming era</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Vietnamese_animation" title="Vietnamese animation">Vietnam</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Animator" title="Animator">Animator</a>

<li><a href="Animation_department" title="Animation department">Animation department</a></li>

<li><a href="Animation_director" title="Animation director">Animation director</a></li>

<li><a href="Story_artist" title="Story artist">Story artist</a></li>

<li><a href="Animation_studio" title="Animation studio">Animation studios</a>

<li><a href="Art_pipeline" title="Art pipeline">Art pipeline</a></li>

<li>Biologist simulators</li>

<li>Animation film festivals

<ul><li><a href="List_of_international_animation_festivals" title="List of international animation festivals">international</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_regional_animation_festivals" title="List of regional animation festivals">regional</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="List_of_highest-grossing_animated_films" title="List of highest-grossing animated films">Highest-grossing films</a> (<a href="List_of_highest-grossing_openings_for_animated_films" title="List of highest-grossing openings for animated films">Opening weekends</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Outsourcing_of_animation" title="Outsourcing of animation">Outsourcing</a></li>

<li><a href="International_Animation_Day" title="International Animation Day">International Animation Day</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Films

<ul><li><a href="List_of_computer-animated_films" title="List of computer-animated films">Computer-animated</a></li>

<li><a href="Lists_of_animated_films" title="Lists of animated films">Feature-length</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_lost_or_unfinished_animated_films" title="List of lost or unfinished animated films">Lost or unfinished</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_animated_package_films" title="List of animated package films">Package</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_animated_short_films" title="List of animated short films">Short</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_animated_short_series" class="mw-redirect" title="List of animated short series">Short series</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_stop_motion_films" title="List of stop motion films">Stop-motion</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_adult_animated_feature_films" title="List of adult animated feature films">Adult animated films</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_children's_animated_films" title="List of children's animated films">Children's animated films</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Animated_series" title="Animated series">Series</a>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_adult_animated_television_series" title="List of adult animated television series">Adult animated</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_children's_animated_television_series" title="List of children's animated television series">Children's animated</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_computer-animated_television_series" title="List of computer-animated television series">Computer-animated</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_animated_direct-to-video_series" title="List of animated direct-to-video series">Direct-to-video</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Flash_animated_television_series" title="List of Flash animated television series">Flash</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_animated_Internet_series" title="List of animated Internet series">Internet</a></li>

<li><a href="Lists_of_animated_television_series" title="Lists of animated television series">Television</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Techniques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Traditional_animation" title="Traditional animation">Traditional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Barrier-grid_animation_and_stereography" title="Barrier-grid animation and stereography">Barrier-grid and stereography</a></li>

<li><a href="Limited_animation" title="Limited animation">Limited animation</a></li>

<li><a href="Masking_(art)" title="Masking (art)">Masking</a></li>

<li><a href="Rotoscoping" title="Rotoscoping">Rotoscoping</a></li>

<li><a href="Exposure_sheet" title="Exposure sheet">Exposure sheet</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Stop_motion" title="Stop motion">Stop motion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Claymation" title="Claymation">Claymation</a>

<ul><li><a href="Clay_painting" title="Clay painting">clay painting</a>, <a href="Strata-cut_animation" title="Strata-cut animation">strata-cut</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Cutout_animation" title="Cutout animation">Cutout</a> (<a href="Silhouette_animation" title="Silhouette animation">silhouette</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Graphic_animation" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphic animation">Graphic</a></li>

<li><a href="Model_animation" title="Model animation">Model</a>

<ul><li><a href="Go_motion" title="Go motion">go motion</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Object_animation" title="Object animation">Object</a>

<ul><li><a href="Brickfilm" title="Brickfilm">Brickfilm</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Pixilation" title="Pixilation">Pixilation</a></li>

<li><a href="Puppetoons" title="Puppetoons">Puppetoons</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Computer_animation" title="Computer animation">Computer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="2D_computer_graphics" title="2D computer graphics">2D</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Flash_animation" title="Flash animation">Flash</a></li>

<li><a href="PowerPoint_animation" title="PowerPoint animation">PowerPoint</a></li>

<li><a href="Multi-sketch" title="Multi-sketch">Multi-sketch</a></li>

<li><a href="Onion_skinning" title="Onion skinning">Onion skinning</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="3D_computer_graphics" title="3D computer graphics">3D</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Cel_shading" title="Cel shading">Cel shading</a></li>

<li><a href="Crowd_simulation" title="Crowd simulation">Crowd</a></li>

<li><a href="Computer_facial_animation" title="Computer facial animation">Facial animation</a></li>

<li><a href="Morph_target_animation" title="Morph target animation">Morph target</a></li>

<li><a href="Motion_capture" title="Motion capture">Motion capture</a>

<ul><li><a href="Facial_motion_capture" title="Facial motion capture">facial</a></li>

<li><a href="Finger_tracking" title="Finger tracking">hand tracking</a></li>

<li><a href="Eye_tracking" title="Eye tracking">eye tracking</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Non-photorealistic_rendering" title="Non-photorealistic rendering">Non-photorealistic rendering</a></li>

<li><a href="Physically_based_animation" title="Physically based animation">Physically based animation</a></li>

<li><a href="Procedural_animation" title="Procedural animation">Procedural</a></li>

<li><a href="Skeletal_animation" title="Skeletal animation">Skeletal</a></li>

<li><a href="Virtual_cinematography" title="Virtual cinematography">Virtual cinematography</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Puppetry" title="Puppetry">Puppetry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Puppet" title="Puppet">Traditional puppetry</a></li>

<li><a href="Digital_puppetry" title="Digital puppetry">Digital puppetry</a>

<ul><li><a href="Machinima" title="Machinima">Machinima</a></li>

<li><a href="Aniforms" title="Aniforms">Aniforms</a></li>

<li><a href="Virtual_human" title="Virtual human">Virtual human</a></li>

<li><a href="Supermarionation" title="Supermarionation">Supermarionation</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Mechanics" title="Mechanics">Mechanical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Animatronics" title="Animatronics">Animatronics</a>

<ul><li><a href="Audio-Animatronics" title="Audio-Animatronics">Audio-Animatronics</a></li>

<li><a href="Linear_alternator" title="Linear alternator">Linear Animation Generator</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Direct_manipulation_animation" title="Direct manipulation animation">Direct manipulation animation</a></li>

<li><a href="Humanoid_animation" title="Humanoid animation">Humanoid animation</a></li>

<li><a href="Idle_animation" title="Idle animation">Idle animation</a></li>

<li><a href="Ink-wash_animation" class="mw-redirect" title="Ink-wash animation">Ink-wash animation</a></li>

<li><a href="Magic_lantern" title="Magic lantern">Magic Lantern</a></li>

<li><a href="Scanimate" title="Scanimate">Scanimate</a></li>

<li><a href="Shadowmation" title="Shadowmation">Shadowmation</a></li>

<li><a href="Squigglevision" title="Squigglevision">Squigglevision</a></li>

<li><a href="Whiteboard_animation" title="Whiteboard animation">Whiteboard animation</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other methods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Blocking_(animation)" title="Blocking (animation)">Blocking</a></li>

<li><a href="Character_animation" title="Character animation">Character animation</a>

<ul><li><a href="Model_sheet" title="Model sheet">model sheet</a></li>

<li><a href="Walk_cycle" title="Walk cycle">walk cycle</a></li>

<li><a href="Off-model" title="Off-model">off-model</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Chuckimation" class="mw-redirect" title="Chuckimation">Chuckimation</a></li>

<li><a href="Drawn-on-film_animation" title="Drawn-on-film animation">Drawn-on-film</a></li>

<li><a href="Charcoal" title="Charcoal">Erasure animation</a></li>

<li><a href="Hydraulic_engineering" title="Hydraulic engineering">Hydrotechnics</a></li>

<li><a href="Inbetweening" title="Inbetweening">Inbetweening</a></li>

<li><a href="Morphing" title="Morphing">Morphing</a></li>

<li><a href="Paint-on-glass_animation" title="Paint-on-glass animation">Paint-on-glass</a></li>

<li><a href="Pinscreen_animation" title="Pinscreen animation">Pinscreen</a></li>

<li><a href="Pixel_artist" class="mw-redirect" title="Pixel artist">Pixel art</a></li>

<li><a href="Straight_ahead_animation" title="Straight ahead animation">Straight ahead</a></li>

<li><a href="Rubber_hose_animation" title="Rubber hose animation">Rubber hose</a></li>

<li><a href="Special_effects" class="mw-redirect" title="Special effects">Special effects</a></li>

<li><a href="Syncro-Vox" title="Syncro-Vox">Syncro-Vox</a></li>

<li><a href="Zoetrope" title="Zoetrope">Zoetrope</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Experimental_animation" title="Experimental animation">Abstract animation</a> (<a href="Visual_music" title="Visual music">visual music</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Adult_animation" title="Adult animation">Adult animation</a></li>

<li><a href="Animated_cartoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Animated cartoon">Animated cartoon</a></li>

<li><a href="Animated_sitcom" title="Animated sitcom">Animated sitcom</a></li>

<li><a href="Animated_documentary" title="Animated documentary">Animated documentary</a></li>

<li><a href="Anime" title="Anime">Anime</a>

<ul><li><a href="Anime-influenced_animation" title="Anime-influenced animation">influenced</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Educational_animation" title="Educational animation">Educational animation</a></li>

<li><a href="Erotic_animation" class="mw-redirect" title="Erotic animation">Erotic animation</a></li>

<li><a href="Independent_animation" title="Independent animation">Independent animation</a></li>

<li><a href="Instructional_animation" class="mw-redirect" title="Instructional animation">Instructional animation</a></li>

<li><a href="Virtual_newscaster" title="Virtual newscaster">Virtual newscaster</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="History_of_animation" title="History of animation">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Early_history_of_animation" title="Early history of animation">Early history</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_computer_animation" title="History of computer animation">History of computer animation</a>

<ul><li><a href="Timeline_of_computer_animation_in_film_and_television" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of computer animation in film and television">timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Animation_music" title="Animation music">Animation music</a>

<ul><li><a href="Bouncing_ball_(music)" title="Bouncing ball (music)">Bouncing ball</a></li>

<li><a href="Mickey_Mousing" title="Mickey Mousing">Mickey Mousing</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Key_frame" title="Key frame">Key frame</a></li>

<li><a href="Character_animation" title="Character animation">Character animation</a>

<ul><li><a href="Model_sheet" title="Model sheet">model sheet</a></li>

<li><a href="Walk_cycle" title="Walk cycle">walk cycle</a></li>

<li><a href="Off-model" title="Off-model">off-model</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Creature_animation" title="Creature animation">Creature animation</a></li>

<li><a href="Twelve_basic_principles_of_animation" title="Twelve basic principles of animation">Twelve basic principles</a></li>

<li><a href="Motion_comic" title="Motion comic">Motion comic</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_films_with_live_action_and_animation" title="List of films with live action and animation">Films with live action and animation</a>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_highest-grossing_live-action/animated_films" title="List of highest-grossing live-action/animated films">highest grossing</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Cartoon" title="Cartoon">Cartoon</a>

<ul><li><a href="Cartoon_physics" title="Cartoon physics">physics</a></li>

<li><a href="Cartoon_violence" title="Cartoon violence">violence</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="List_of_most_expensive_animated_films" title="List of most expensive animated films">Most expensive animated films</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_animated_films_by_box_office_admissions" title="List of animated films by box office admissions">List of animated films by box office admissions</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_animated_television_series_by_episode_count" title="List of animated television series by episode count">List of animated television series by episode count</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span> <a href="Portal%3AAnimation" title="Portal:Animation">Portal</a></li>

<li><a href="Outline_of_animation" title="Outline of animation">Outline</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2023-03-16" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Animation_database&oldid=1145002865">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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